Computer I Semester Exam Study Guide

Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.

Though computers have been used in the workplace for years, their role is continually evolving.

Specific hardware is associated with each of the five computer operations, namely, input, processing, output, storage, and communications.

PCs are computers designed to be shared by a group of users at a time.

It is possible to run a program via the Internet without installing it on your computer.

Desktop computers usually conform to one of three standards: PC compatible, Macintosh, or UNIX.

Networks that cover a small geographical area (such as a room or building) are called logical area networks or LANs.

It is becoming possible to have a smart home in which household tasks can be controlled by a main home computer.

The Macintosh is made by Apple, uses the Windows operating system, and is traditionally the computer of choice for artists, designers, and others who require advanced graphics capabilities.

Mainframes usually operate 24 hours a day, serving thousands of users connected to the mainframe via a PC, a network computer, or a terminal, similar to midrange server users.

The main processing device for a computer system is the associated processing unit (APU).

ISP computers are continually connected to the Internet, so once users connect to their ISPs, they have access to the entire Internet.

A mobile communications device is loosely defined as a very small device, usually based on an Ethernet card.

Information is essentially raw, unorganized facts.

To represent text-based data, special binary coding systems (namely, ASCII and Unicode) were developed. These codes represent all characters that can appear in text data except periods (.) and dashes (-).

ASCII is a universal coding system that can be used regardless of the language or alphabet being used.

Optical mark readers input data from special forms to score or tally exams, questionnaires, and ballots.

Processing speed is the only factor that affects computer performance.

RAM is volatile, which means that the data placed there is removed when it is no longer needed.

All data in RAM remains when the power to the PC is turned off.

Generally, the more data a register can contain at one time, the faster the CPU is.

A permanent copy of the output on paper is called a hard copy.

The data on a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM can be erased, changed, or added to.

Recordable DVDs have not yet reached a single standard, so there are competing formats that are not necessarily compatible with each other or with all DVD+RW devices.

With the exception of computers designed to use only network storage devices (such as network computers and some Internet appliances), virtually all PCs come with a hard drive that is used to store most programs and data.

Similar to floppy drives, hard drives store data magnetically; their disks are organized into tracks, sectors, and clusters.

Hard drives are slower than removable-media systems.

Most flash memory drives are designed to be very portable and so are small enough to fit in a pocket or be carried on a keychain.

Once a file is stored inside a folder, it cannot be moved to another folder.

Most laser printers use just black toner powder, though relatively expensive color laser printers are available.

PCs with handwriting recognition capabilities can accept hand-written text as editable text input.

Unauthorized access and unauthorized use are criminal offenses in the United States and many other countries and can be committed by strangers, employees, students, or other individuals.

Because information from a PC using a wireless network is transmitted over the airwaves, interception is harder than with wired connections.

The damage caused by a computer virus always takes place immediately after infection.

In addition to destructive computer viruses, there are so-called benign viruses that aren’t designed to do any permanent damage.

Writing a computer virus or even posting the code for a computer virus on the Internet is illegal.

Much like viruses and worms, Trojan horses replicate themselves.

System failure cannot occur because of a hardware problem.

It is against the law to launch a denial of service attack in the U.S.

Like hacking, data and program alteration is illegal.

Identity theft is NOT yet a federal crime.

There are as yet no specific federal laws against cyberstalking.

In addition to protecting your PC from outside access, many firewall programs also protect against inside attacks from Trojan horses and other malicious programs that may have slipped through your virus protection.

A retinal scan card is being used in the figure above to prevent unauthorized access.

Immediately after creating a work in some type of material form, the creator automatically owns the copyright of that work.

Anyone wishing to reproduce copyrighted materials or otherwise use them in a manner not authorized by copyright law must first obtain permission from the copyright holder and pay any required fee.

Trademark rights prevent others from using a confusingly similar mark. In addition, they prevent others from making or selling the same goods or services under a clearly different mark.

Purchasing a copyrighted item gives you the right to use it, but you cannot legally duplicate it or portray it as your own creation.

Domain names that match a company’s trademark, such as Amazon.com and Lego.com, are NOT protected by trademark law.

A patented invention is typically a unique product, but can also be a process or procedure that provides a new way of doing something or that offers a new technical solution to a problem.

Patents are easy and cheap to obtain.

An unethical act is always illegal.

Much more ambiguous than the law, ethical beliefs can vary widely.

If a decision is made against purchasing a product, the demo or trial version should be uninstalled from your PC.

It is both illegal and unethical to use shareware past the specified trial period.

Research has shown that having an academic honor code has no effect on reducing cheating.

Information found on the Internet may be inaccurate, misleading, or biased.

While the United States and many other countries have copyright laws, some countries do not.

Data files cannot be stored on either CDs or DVDs.

Some programs allow you to format a rewritable DVD as a multiplayer disc onto which files can be added at any time without affecting or having to recopy the existing files.

Complete each sentence or statement.

____________________ learning is a fast-growing alternative to traditional classroom learning where students participate from remote locations, instead of at the educational institution.

____________________ are small self-service booths providing information or other services to the public.

A(n) ____________________ can be defined as a programmable electronic device that accepts data.

To be ____________________ means a computer will do whatever the instructions-- called the program--tell it to do.

The progression of input, processing, output, and storage is sometimes referred to as the information ____________________ cycle.

____________________ can be defined as an input or output operation, depending on which direction the information is flowing.

The ____________________ is considered by many to be the earliest recorded calculating device.

____________________ appliances--traditional appliances with some type of computer or communications technology built in-- are becoming more commonplace.

Hardware can be internal, meaning it is located inside the main box or system unit of the computer, or ____________________, meaning that it is located outside the system unit.

Various types of ____________________ exist, which are temporary holding places where the computer can store data and instructions when it is working with them.

____________________ devices allow users to communicate electronically with others, such as over the Internet or through a school or company network.

The ____________________ is the case that contains the CPU, memory, the power supply, disk drives, and all other internal hardware.

The ____________________ system is the main program in a collection of software that allows a computer to operate.

A(n) ____________________ device is loosely defined as a very small device usually based on a cellular phone that has some type of computing or Internet capability built in.

Conventional PCs are often referred to as ____________________ computers because the complete system (system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse) fits on or under a desk.

As shown in the above figure, a computer ____________________ ties computers together so that users can share hardware, software, and data, as well as electronically communicate with each other.

____________________ servers, called minicomputers or minis in past years, are medium-sized computers used to host programs and data for small networks.

When data is processed into a meaningful form, it becomes ____________________.

Eight bits are collectively referred to as a(n) ____________________.

An input ____________________ is any piece of hardware that is used to perform data input.

____________________ mice (such as the one in the above figure) are completely sealed and track movements with light instead of a ball.

As shown in the figure above, most electronic pens today are in the form of a(n) ____________________, which is a cordless electronic pen that looks similar to a ballpoint pen..

A(n) ____________________ camera, like the one in the above figure, works much like regular cameras, but instead of recording images on film they record them on some type of digital storage media.

MIDI stands for ____________________ Instrument Digital Interface.

Clock speed is rated in ____________________, which is billions of ticks per second.

The main circuit board inside the system unit is called the ____________________ or system board (see above figure).

In addition to being classified by name, CPUs also come in a variety of processing speeds, also known as ____________________ speeds.

____________________ refers to chip-based storage used by the computer.

____________________ memory is a special group of fast memory chips located inside or close to the CPU chip. It is used to speed up processing by storing the most frequently and recently used data and instructions.

All storage systems consist of a storage device and a storage ____________________.

Storage devices can be internal, external, or ____________________.

Because CDs (compact discs) and DVDs (digital versatile discs) are optical discs, a(n) ____________________ beam is used to record data onto and read data from them.

____________________ tags consist of tiny chips and radio antennae that can store and transmit data.

As shown in the above figure, a(n) ____________________ card is a credit-card-sized piece of plastic that contains some computer circuitry, typically a processor, memory, and storage.

All software programs have a user ____________________ that allows a user to interact with the program.

Blu-ray and AOD are ____________________ formats that support the recording of high-definition content, such as HDTV.

True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
	1.	Though computers have been used in the workplace for years, their role is continually evolving.
	2.	Specific hardware is associated with each of the five computer operations, namely, input, processing, output, storage, and communications.
	3.	PCs are computers designed to be shared by a group of users at a time.
	4.	It is possible to run a program via the Internet without installing it on your computer.
	5.	Desktop computers usually conform to one of three standards: PC compatible, Macintosh, or UNIX.
	6.	Networks that cover a small geographical area (such as a room or building) are called logical area networks or LANs.
	7.	It is becoming possible to have a smart home in which household tasks can be controlled by a main home computer.
	8.	The Macintosh is made by Apple, uses the Windows operating system, and is traditionally the computer of choice for artists, designers, and others who require advanced graphics capabilities.
	9.	Mainframes usually operate 24 hours a day, serving thousands of users connected to the mainframe via a PC, a network computer, or a terminal, similar to midrange server users.
	10.	The main processing device for a computer system is the associated processing unit (APU).
	11.	ISP computers are continually connected to the Internet, so once users connect to their ISPs, they have access to the entire Internet.
	12.	A mobile communications device is loosely defined as a very small device, usually based on an Ethernet card.
	13.	Information is essentially raw, unorganized facts.
	14.	To represent text-based data, special binary coding systems (namely, ASCII and Unicode) were developed. These codes represent all characters that can appear in text data except periods (.) and dashes (-).
	15.	ASCII is a universal coding system that can be used regardless of the language or alphabet being used.
	16.	Optical mark readers input data from special forms to score or tally exams, questionnaires, and ballots.
	17.	Processing speed is the only factor that affects computer performance.
	18.	RAM is volatile, which means that the data placed there is removed when it is no longer needed.
	19.	All data in RAM remains when the power to the PC is turned off.
	20.	Generally, the more data a register can contain at one time, the faster the CPU is.
	21.	A permanent copy of the output on paper is called a hard copy.
	22.	The data on a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM can be erased, changed, or added to.
	23.	Recordable DVDs have not yet reached a single standard, so there are competing formats that are not necessarily compatible with each other or with all DVD+RW devices.
	24.	With the exception of computers designed to use only network storage devices (such as network computers and some Internet appliances), virtually all PCs come with a hard drive that is used to store most programs and data.
	25.	Similar to floppy drives, hard drives store data magnetically; their disks are organized into tracks, sectors, and clusters.
	26.	Hard drives are slower than removable-media systems.
	27.	Most flash memory drives are designed to be very portable and so are small enough to fit in a pocket or be carried on a keychain.
	28.	Once a file is stored inside a folder, it cannot be moved to another folder.
	29.	Most laser printers use just black toner powder, though relatively expensive color laser printers are available.
	30.	PCs with handwriting recognition capabilities can accept hand-written text as editable text input.
	31.	Unauthorized access and unauthorized use are criminal offenses in the United States and many other countries and can be committed by strangers, employees, students, or other individuals.
	32.	Because information from a PC using a wireless network is transmitted over the airwaves, interception is harder than with wired connections.
	33.	The damage caused by a computer virus always takes place immediately after infection.
	34.	In addition to destructive computer viruses, there are so-called benign viruses that aren’t designed to do any permanent damage.
	35.	Writing a computer virus or even posting the code for a computer virus on the Internet is illegal.
	36.	Much like viruses and worms, Trojan horses replicate themselves.
	37.	System failure cannot occur because of a hardware problem.
	38.	It is against the law to launch a denial of service attack in the U.S.
	39.	Like hacking, data and program alteration is illegal.
	40.	Identity theft is NOT yet a federal crime.
	41.	There are as yet no specific federal laws against cyberstalking.
	42.	In addition to protecting your PC from outside access, many firewall programs also protect against inside attacks from Trojan horses and other malicious programs that may have slipped through your virus protection.

	43.	A retinal scan card is being used in the figure above to prevent unauthorized access.
	44.	Immediately after creating a work in some type of material form, the creator automatically owns the copyright of that work.
	45.	Anyone wishing to reproduce copyrighted materials or otherwise use them in a manner not authorized by copyright law must first obtain permission from the copyright holder and pay any required fee.
	46.	Trademark rights prevent others from using a confusingly similar mark. In addition, they prevent others from making or selling the same goods or services under a clearly different mark.
	47.	Purchasing a copyrighted item gives you the right to use it, but you cannot legally duplicate it or portray it as your own creation.
	48.	Domain names that match a company’s trademark, such as Amazon.com and Lego.com, are NOT protected by trademark law.
	49.	A patented invention is typically a unique product, but can also be a process or procedure that provides a new way of doing something or that offers a new technical solution to a problem.
	50.	Patents are easy and cheap to obtain.
	51.	An unethical act is always illegal.
	52.	Much more ambiguous than the law, ethical beliefs can vary widely.
	53.	If a decision is made against purchasing a product, the demo or trial version should be uninstalled from your PC.
	54.	It is both illegal and unethical to use shareware past the specified trial period.
	55.	Research has shown that having an academic honor code has no effect on reducing cheating.
	56.	Information found on the Internet may be inaccurate, misleading, or biased.
	57.	While the United States and many other countries have copyright laws, some countries do not.
	58.	Data files cannot be stored on either CDs or DVDs.
	59.	Some programs allow you to format a rewritable DVD as a multiplayer disc onto which files can be added at any time without affecting or having to recopy the existing files.
Completion Complete each sentence or statement.
	60.	____________________ learning is a fast-growing alternative to traditional classroom learning where students participate from remote locations, instead of at the educational institution.
	61.	____________________ are small self-service booths providing information or other services to the public.
	62.	A(n) ____________________ can be defined as a programmable electronic device that accepts data.
	63.	To be ____________________ means a computer will do whatever the instructions-- called the program--tell it to do.
	64.	The progression of input, processing, output, and storage is sometimes referred to as the information ____________________ cycle.
	65.	____________________ can be defined as an input or output operation, depending on which direction the information is flowing.
	66.	The ____________________ is considered by many to be the earliest recorded calculating device.
	67.	____________________ appliances--traditional appliances with some type of computer or communications technology built in-- are becoming more commonplace.
	68.	Hardware can be internal, meaning it is located inside the main box or system unit of the computer, or ____________________, meaning that it is located outside the system unit.
	69.	Various types of ____________________ exist, which are temporary holding places where the computer can store data and instructions when it is working with them.
	70.	____________________ devices allow users to communicate electronically with others, such as over the Internet or through a school or company network.
	71.	The ____________________ is the case that contains the CPU, memory, the power supply, disk drives, and all other internal hardware.
	72.	The ____________________ system is the main program in a collection of software that allows a computer to operate.
	73.	A(n) ____________________ device is loosely defined as a very small device usually based on a cellular phone that has some type of computing or Internet capability built in.
	74.	Conventional PCs are often referred to as ____________________ computers because the complete system (system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse) fits on or under a desk.

	75.	As shown in the above figure, a computer ____________________ ties computers together so that users can share hardware, software, and data, as well as electronically communicate with each other.
	76.	____________________ servers, called minicomputers or minis in past years, are medium-sized computers used to host programs and data for small networks.
	77.	When data is processed into a meaningful form, it becomes ____________________.
	78.	Eight bits are collectively referred to as a(n) ____________________.
	79.	An input ____________________ is any piece of hardware that is used to perform data input.

	80.	____________________ mice (such as the one in the above figure) are completely sealed and track movements with light instead of a ball.

	81.	As shown in the figure above, most electronic pens today are in the form of a(n) ____________________, which is a cordless electronic pen that looks similar to a ballpoint pen..

	82.	A(n) ____________________ camera, like the one in the above figure, works much like regular cameras, but instead of recording images on film they record them on some type of digital storage media.
	83.	MIDI stands for ____________________ Instrument Digital Interface.
	84.	Clock speed is rated in ____________________, which is billions of ticks per second.

	85.	The main circuit board inside the system unit is called the ____________________ or system board (see above figure).
	86.	In addition to being classified by name, CPUs also come in a variety of processing speeds, also known as ____________________ speeds.
	87.	____________________ refers to chip-based storage used by the computer.
	88.	____________________ memory is a special group of fast memory chips located inside or close to the CPU chip. It is used to speed up processing by storing the most frequently and recently used data and instructions.
	89.	All storage systems consist of a storage device and a storage ____________________.
	90.	Storage devices can be internal, external, or ____________________.
	91.	Because CDs (compact discs) and DVDs (digital versatile discs) are optical discs, a(n) ____________________ beam is used to record data onto and read data from them.
	92.	____________________ tags consist of tiny chips and radio antennae that can store and transmit data.

	93.	As shown in the above figure, a(n) ____________________ card is a credit-card-sized piece of plastic that contains some computer circuitry, typically a processor, memory, and storage.
	94.	All software programs have a user ____________________ that allows a user to interact with the program.
	95.	Blu-ray and AOD are ____________________ formats that support the recording of high-definition content, such as HDTV.